In 2006, Dingledine, Mathewson, and five others founded The Tor Project, a Massachusetts-based 501 research-education nonprofit organization responsible for maintaining Tor. Tor as we know it today, was developed by Syverson, Roger Dingledine and Nick Mathewson under the “ Onion Routing project” (later abbreviated to Tor), was launched on 20 September 2002, and was released a year later publicly.
The concept of Onion routing is that the encryption is done in the application layer of the communication protocol stack, and is relayed through layers of nodes as mentioned before, which is nested like an onion. Tor was made with the purpose of protecting the privacy of its users, to give the ability to its users to communicate confidential or sensitive information freely. There are actually known to be more than 6000 of these relays.
It does this by directing the internet traffic through a free, worldwide, relay network, making it virtually impossible to track the user’s location or activity. Tor, short for The Onion Router, is a free service provided by The Tor Project that allows its users to access the internet without being able to be identified by prying eyes.
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